What is the difference between a copper coil and a hormonal coil?

A contraceptive coil is a small device placed in the womb. The copper IUD is hormone-free and can make periods heavier; the hormonal IUS often makes periods lighter. Both are over 99% effective, last for years and can be removed whenever pregnancy is wanted.

How painful is coil fitting?

Experience varies from mild cramping to significant pain. Ask the service beforehand about pain relief, local anaesthetic and stopping if needed.

Will a coil change my periods?

Copper coils can make periods heavier or more painful. Hormonal coils often cause irregular bleeding initially and usually make periods lighter over time.

How quickly does fertility return?

Fertility can return immediately after removal, although pregnancy timing varies naturally.

Contraceptive coil (IUD and IUS): Uses & Side Effects

Copper IUD

The copper device contains no hormone. Depending on the device it works for 5 or 10 years and can be used for emergency contraception within the appropriate window.

Hormonal IUS

The IUS releases a small amount of progestogen in the womb and lasts for several years depending on the product. Some types also treat heavy periods or provide the progestogen component of HRT.

Fitting and follow-up

A trained clinician inserts the device through the cervix. Cramping and light bleeding are common afterwards. Follow the service’s advice about contraception cover, thread checks and review.

Common questions about contraceptive coil

How painful is coil fitting?: Experience varies from mild cramping to significant pain. Ask the service beforehand about pain relief, local anaesthetic and stopping if needed.
Will a coil change my periods?: Copper coils can make periods heavier or more painful. Hormonal coils often cause irregular bleeding initially and usually make periods lighter over time.
How quickly does fertility return?: Fertility can return immediately after removal, although pregnancy timing varies naturally.

Sources

NHS — Methods of contraception

How we reviewed this page

Medically reviewed by the HealthAnswers UK doctor review panel

First published: 1 August 2026
Medically reviewed: 1 August 2026
Next review due: 1 August 2029 or sooner if NHS or NICE guidance changes

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